Soil Survey of Bristol County, Massachusetts

NORTHERN PART

The following Map Unit Description is from the 1981 Soil Survey of Bristol County, NORTHERN Part. Please note: map unit symbols are DIFFERENT for Bristol North and Bristol South reports, do NOT use these descriptions for Bristol South.

CoB-Charlton-Paxton fine sandy loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes. This map unit consists of deep, gently sloping, well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from about 5 to 20 acres in size. They are approximately 45 percent Charlton soils and 30 percent Paxton soils. Slopes are smooth and convex and are generally 100 to 300 feet long.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 27 inches thick. The upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 17 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and- is 27 inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 15 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray sandy loam.

Included with these soils in mapping are areas of Woodbridge and Ridgebury soils that are generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum and areas of soils that are nearly level. Included soils make up about 25 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow to slow in the sub- stratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum in the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth, root growth is restricted by the firm and very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have good potential for farming. They have good potential for urban use on the Charlton soil and fair potential on the Paxton soil. Both soils have poor potential for most sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have good potential for trees, and for openland and woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is farmed. Some areas of soils have been developed for homesites and commercial use, and some acreage has reverted to or has been planted in trees.

These soils are suited to cultivated crops. Good tilth is easily maintained in cultivated areas. The hazard of erosion is moderate. Conservation practices include using cover crops and mixing crop residue and animal manure into the plow layer to improve tilth and increase organic matter content. Incorporating grasses and legumes in the cropping system help to reduce runoff and control erosion. Proper stocking rates, deferred grazing, and pasture rotation are management practices that help to maintain desirable pasture plants.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for most urban use because of the seasonal high water table in the Paxton soil. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil and because of the seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass IIe.

CpB-Charlton-Paxton very stony fine sandy loams, 0 to 8 percent slopes. This map unit consists of deep, nearly level and gently sloping, well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from about 5 to 100 acres in size. They are approximately 45 percent Charlton soils and 30 percent Paxton soils. Slopes are smooth and convex and are generally 100 to 300 feet long. Stones are scattered over the surface about 20 to 50 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 27 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 17 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 27 inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 15 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

Included with these soils in mapping are areas of very stony Woodbridge and Ridgebury soils that are generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum and areas of soils that have a firm substratum at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Included soils make up about 25 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow or slow in the substratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm or very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming. They have fair potential for most urban use and poor potential for sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have good potential for trees and for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is woodland. Some acreage is in unimproved pasture. Some areas of soil have been developed for commercial use or for homesites.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops because of stones on the surface. Proper stocking rates, deferred grazing, and pasture rotation are management practices that help maintain desirable pasture plants.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use because of large stones on the surface and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soil. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil and because of a seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIs.

CpC-Charlton-Paxton very stony fine sandy loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes. This map unit consists of deep, sloping, well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from about 5 to 50 acres in size. They are approximately 45 percent Charlton soils and 30 percent Paxton soils. Slopes are generally smooth and convex and are about 100 to 300 feet long. Stones are scattered over the surface about 20 to 50 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 25 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 15 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 24 inches thick. The upper 11 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 13 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

Included with these soils in mapping are areas of very stony Woodbridge soil generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum and areas of soils that have a firm substratum at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Included soils make up about 25 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow or slow in the sub- stratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm or very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming. They have fair potential for most urban use and poor potential for sanitary waste disposal facilities. The soils have good potential for trees and for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is in woodland. Some acreage is in unimproved pasture. Some areas of soil have been developed for homesites or for commercial use.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops because of stones on the surface. Proper stocking rates, deferred grazing, and pasture rotation are management practices that help maintain desirable pasture plants.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use because of large stones on the surface, and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soil. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of the moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil and a seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIs.

CsB-Charlton-Paxton extremely stony fine sandy loams, 0 to 8 percent slopes. This map unit consists of deep, nearly level and gently sloping, well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separetely. Areas range from about 5 to 100 acres in size. They are approximately 45 percent Charlton soils and 30 percent Paxton soils. Slopes are generally smooth and convex and are about 100 to 400 feet long. Stones and boulders on the surface are 5 to 20 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 27 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 17 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 27 inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam and the lower 15 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

Included in mapping are areas of extremely stony Woodbridge and Ridgebury soils that are generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum and areas of soils that have a substratum at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. In places, outcrops of bedrock are more than 100 feet apart. Included soils make up about 25 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. Permeability is moderately slow to slow in the substratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the sub- stratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming, for most urban use, and for sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have good potential for trees and fair potential for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is wooded. Some areas of soil have been developed for homesites or for commercial use.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops, hay, and pasture. Stones are on the surface.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Stones on the surface limit use of machinery. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use because of large stones and boulders on the surface and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soil. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil and a seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIIs.

CsC-Charlton-Paxton extremely stony fine sandy loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes. This map unit consists of deep, sloping, well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from about 5 to 100 acres in size. They are approximately 45 percent Charlton and 30 percent Paxton soils. Slopes are generally smooth and convex and are about 100 to 400 feet long. Stones and boulders on the surface are 5 to 20 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 25 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 15 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 24 inches thick. The upper 11 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 13 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

Included with these soils in mapping are areas of extremely stony Woodbridge and Ridgebury soils that are generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have gravelly loamy sand substratum, areas of soils that have a firm substratum at a depth of 40 to 60 inches, a few small areas of moderately steep soil, and in some places outcrops of bedrock that are more than 100 feet apart. Included soils make up about 25 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow to slow in the sub- stratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the sub- stratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming, most urban use, and sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have a good potential for trees and fair potential for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is wooded. Some areas of soil have been developed for homesites.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops, hay, and pasture. Stones are on the surface.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Stones on the surface limit the use of machinery. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use because of large stones and boulders on the surface and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soils. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of moderate or moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil and a seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIIs.

CtB-Charlton-Paxton fine sandy loams, rocky, 3 to 8 percent slopes. This map unit consists of gently sloping, well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from 5 to 60 acres in size. They consist of approximately 50 percent Charlton soils, 20 percent Paxton soils, and up to 10 percent Rock outcrop. Slopes are smooth and convex and are generally 100 to 300 feet long. Outcrops of bedrock are 50 to 100 feet apart and stones on the surface are 20 to 50 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 27 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 17 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 27 inches thick. The upper 12 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 15 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

Included with these soils in mapping are extremely stony Woodbridge and Ridgebury soils that are generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum and areas of soils that have a firm layer at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Included soils make up about 20 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow to slow in the substratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm or very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming. They are mainly used for unimproved pasture. They have fair potential for most urban use, and poor potential for sanitary waste disposal facilities. The soils have good potential for trees and for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is in woodland. Some acreage is farmed.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops. Outcrops of bedrock and stones are on the surface. Proper stocking rates, deferred grazing, and pasture rotation are management practices that help maintain desirable pasture plants (fig. 8).

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use because of outcrops of bedrock, stones on the surface, and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soils. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of rock outcrops and because of moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil and a seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIs.

CtC-Charlton-Paxton fine sandy loams, rocky, 8 to 15 percent slopes. This map unit consists of sloping, well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from about 5 to 40 acres in size. They are approximately 50 percent Charlton soils, 20 percent Paxton soils and as much as 10 percent Rock outcrop. Slopes are rolling and are generally 100 to 500 feet long. Outcrops of bedrock are 50 to 100 feet apart. Stones are scattered over the surface 20 to 50 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 25 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 15 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 24 inches thick. The upper 11 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 13 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

Included with these soils in mapping are stony Woodbridge and Ridgebury soils, generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum and areas of soils that have a firm substratum at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Included soils make up about 20 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow to slow in the substratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm or very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming, fair potential for most urban use, and poor potential for sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have good potential for trees and for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is in woodland. Some acreage is farmed and is used mainly for unimproved pasture.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops because of stones on the surface and outcrops of bedrock. Proper stocking rates, deferred grazing, and pasture rotation are management practices that help maintain desirable pasture plants.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use because of outcrops of bedrock, and large stones on the surface and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soil. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of rock outcrops, moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil, and a seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIs.

CtD-Charlton-Paxton fine sandy loams, rocky, 15 to 25 percent slopes. This map unit consists of well drained soils on hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from 5 to about 30 acres in size. They are approximately 50 percent Charlton soils, 20 percent Paxton soils, and up to 10 percent rock outcrop. Slopes are generally 100 to 200 feet long. Outcrops of bedrock are 50 to 100 feet apart and stones are on the surface 20 to 50 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 23 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 6 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 14 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum extends to a depth of 65 inches and is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 22 inches thick. The upper 10 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 12 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is flrln or very flrln, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

Included with these soils in mapping are areas of stony Woodbridge and Ridgebury soils that are generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum and areas of soils that have a substratum at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Included soils make up about 20 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow to slow in the substratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of about 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm and very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming, for most urban use, and for sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have good potential for trees and for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is in woodland. Some acreage is farmed and is used mainly for unimproved pasture.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops because of stones on the surface, outcrops of bedrock, and slope. Proper stocking rates, deferred grazing, and pasture rotation are management practices that help to maintain desirable pasture plants.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use because of bedrock outcrops, large stones on the surface, and slope. They have limitations for sanitary waste disposal facilities because of rock outcrops, steep slopes, moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil, and a seasonal high water table and slow permeability in the firm substratum of the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIs.

CuC-Charlton-Rock outcrop-Paxton complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes. This map unit consists of gently sloping and sloping, well drained soils and Rock outcrop on glacial hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from about 10 to 200 acres in size. They consist of approximately 35 percent Charlton soils, 25 percent Rock outcrop, and 20 percent Paxton soils. Slopes are undulating and rolling and are generally 100 to 800 feet long. Outcrops of bedrock are 5 to 50 feet apart, and stones are scattered over the surface 5 to 20 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable, fine sandy loam and is 25 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 7 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 15 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 3 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 24 inches thick. The upper 11 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 13 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

The Rock outcrop part of this complex consists of exposures of granite, gneiss, and conglomerate bedrock.

Included with these soils in mapping are areas of extremely stony Ridgebury and Whitman soils that are generally less than 4 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum. Included soils make up about 20 percent of the map unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow to slow in the substratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum in the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm and very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in this complex have poor potential for farming, urban use, and sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have good potential for trees and fair potential for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is wooded.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops, hay, and pasture. Outcrops of bedrock and large stones are on the surface.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Outcrops of bedrock and stones on the surface interfere with use of machinery. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use and sanitary waste disposal facilities because of outcrops of bedrock, large stones on the surface, moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil, and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIIs.

CuE-Charlton-Rock outcrop-Paxton complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes. This map unit consists of moderately steep and steep, well drained soils and Rock outcrop on glacial hills and ridges. These Charlton and Paxton soils and Rock outcrop are in such an intricate pattern that it was not practical to map them separately. Areas range from about 10 to 30 acres in size. They are approximately 35 percent Charlton soils, 25 percent Rock outcrop, and 20 percent Paxton soils. Slopes are hilly and steep and are generally 100 to 400 feet long. Outcrops of bedrock are 5 to 50 feet apart, and stones are scattered over the surface 5 to 20 feet apart.

Typically in the Charlton soil, the surface layer is very friable, very dark grayish brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable fine sandy loam and is 22 inches thick. In sequence from the top, the upper 3 inches of the subsoil is brown fine sandy loam, the next 6 inches is dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 13 inches is yellowish brown gravelly fine sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 65 inches is friable, light brownish gray gravelly sandy loam.

Typically in the Paxton soil, the surface layer is very friable, dark brown fine sandy loam about 2 inches thick. The subsoil is very friable and is 21 inches thick. The upper 9 inches of the subsoil is yellowish brown fine sandy loam, and the lower 12 inches is light olive brown sandy loam. The substratum to a depth of 57 inches is firm or very firm, olive gray gravelly sandy loam.

The Rock outcrop part of this complex consists of exposures of granite, gneiss, and conglomerate bedrock.

Included with these soils in mapping are areas of extremely stony Ridgebury and Whitman soils that are generally less than 3 acres in size. Also included are areas of soils that have a gravelly loamy sand substratum. Included soils make up about 20 percent of the unit.

Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid throughout the Charlton soil and in the subsoil of the Paxton soil. It is moderately slow to slow in the substratum of the Paxton soil. Available water capacity is moderate. The root zone extends into the substratum of the Charlton soil. It extends to a depth of 30 inches in the Paxton soil; below this depth root growth is restricted by the firm and very firm substratum. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in these soils. A seasonal high water table is perched above the substratum for brief periods in winter and spring in the Paxton soil.

The soils in his complex have poor potential for farming, urban use, and sanitary waste disposal facilities. They have good potential for trees and fair potential for woodland wildlife habitat. Most acreage is wooded.

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops, hay, and pasture. Outcrops of bedrock and large stones are on the surface.

These soils are well suited to trees, and productivity is moderate. Outcrops of bedrock and stones on the surface interfere with use of machinery. Important tree species are eastern white pine and northern red oak.

These soils have limitations for urban use and sanitary waste disposal facilities because of outcrops of bedrock, large stones on the surface, slope, moderate to moderately rapid permeability in the Charlton soil, and a seasonal high water table in the Paxton soil. Capability subclass VIIs.

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